Factors, Causes, Symptoms and Processes of Diarrhea Occurrence

Diarrheal diseases are still often causing outbreaks (Unusual) as well as cholera with the huge number of diarrhea patients in short time, yet with fast, accurate and dependable quality, so the death can be minimized. So, it is important for us to know more about diarrhea home remedies, in order to know the accurate ways in preventing diarrhea easily. I got a lot of sources that can help us to understand and know any things about diarrhea. Lets continue to read about diarrhea.

 In October 1992 discovered a new strain of Vibrio Cholera 0139 which later replaced the El Tor strain of Vibrio cholera in 1993 and then disappeared in the years 1995 to 1996, except in India and Bangladesh are still found. While E. Coli 0157 as the cause bloody diarrhea and HUS (Haemolytic Uremia Syndrome). Outbreaks have occurred in the USA, Japan, southern Africa and Australia. 

Definition 

A disease with signs of a change in form and consistency of the faeces, which become soft to liquid faeces, and increased frequency of more than usual. (Three times or more in one day). 

Factors affecting diarrhea: 

Environmental Nutrition Population 

Behaviors of Economic and Social Education Society 

Causes of diarrhea: 

By agents causing intestinal inflammation: 

1. Bacteria, viruses, parasites (fungi, worms, protozoa) 
2. Poisoned food / beverage caused by bacteria or chemicals 
3. Poor nutrition 
4. Milk allergies 
5. Immune deficiency 

Transmission: 

Infection by the agent causes occurs when eating food / drinking water contaminated with feces / vomit with diarrhea. Direct transmission can also occur when contaminated hands are used to bribe the food. 

The term of diarrhea: 

Diarrhea Acute = less than 2 weeks 

Persistent diarrhea = more than 2 weeks 

Dysentery = diarrhea accompanied by blood with or without mucus 

Cholera = diarrhea where there are bacteria such as Cholera stool 

Appropriate management of patients with diarrhea and effective: 

Management of patients with diarrhea at home 

Improving the delivery of household liquids (vegetable broth, water, starch, salt, sugar solution, if there is give ORS) 

Forwarding of foods that are soft and do not stimulate as well as extra food after the diarrhea. 

Bringing people with diarrhea to health facilities in three days if no improvement or: 

1. Defecate more frequently and a lot of 

2. Continuous vomiting 

3. Real thirst 

4. Cannot drink or eat 

5. High fever 

6. There is blood in the stool 

Criteria of Diarrhea: 

Increased incidence of morbidity / mortality due to diarrhea continuously for three consecutive periods of time (hours, days, weeks). - Increased incidence / mortality cases of diarrhea two times / more than the amount of morbidity / mortality due to diarrhea which is common in the previous period (hours, days, weeks). - CFR due to diarrhea in a certain period of time showed an increase of 50% or more compared to the previous period. 

Handling Procedures outbreak / epidemic. 

1. Pre-outbreak 

Information possibility of an outbreak / epidemic is to carry out a careful Early Awareness System, beside that, do other steps: 

1. Increase alertness early in good health SKD, energy and logistics. 

2. Establish and train health TEAM Fast Motion. 

3. Intensify health education on community 

4. Improving the laboratory work 

5. Increase cooperation with other agencies 

Rapid team (TGC): 

A group of health personnel in charge of completing the observation and outbreak response in the field according to patient health data or data epidemiologist investigation. Tasks / activities: 

Observations: 

• Search other patients who did not come with medication. 
• Taking rectal swab of a suspect, especially family members 
• Water sampling wells, rivers, water plants etc which allegedly tainted and as a source of transmission. 
• Tracking cases to seek the origin of transmission and distribution anticipate 
• Prevention of dehydration with ORS for every patient who was found in the field. 
• Both individuals and families counseling
• Create reports of outbreaks and incidents are complete ways to overcome 

2. Rehydration Centre Establishment 

To accommodate patients with diarrhea who require care and treatment. 

Central task of rehydration: 

• Caring and providing treatment of diarrhea patients who visit. 
• Doing recording name, age, complete address, the incubation period, symptoms diagnosis and so on. 
• Provide patient data to the TGC Officers 
• Manage logistics 
• Taking a rectal swab patients before therapy. 
• Counseling for patients and families 
• Keeping rehydration centers did not become a source of transmission (lionization). 
• Creating daily reports, weekly diarrhea treated patients. (Infused, non-infusion, outpatient, medication used and so on.